Yet, Systems Engineering is still a separated process which lacks vertical integration with business and enterprise process modelling as well as with product development in terms of CAD and PDM/PLM.
A number of deficits and challenges are connected with this lack of integration:
- traceability of decisions and changes, especially in the early development phases (innovation process),
- top-down communication of high-level requirements and decision from business processes,
- ambiguities in and misinterpretation of requirements specifications due to text-based and natural language written documents,
- management of product complexity, especially in requirements specifications as well as
- decoupled modelling tools and the lack of interoperability.